A thermometer reading 8^oC is brought into a room with a constant temperature of 35^oC. If the thermometer reads 15^oC after 3 minutes, determine the exponential equation and calculate what the thermometer will read after being in the room for 5 minutes.

Given: \(u_o = 8, T = 35\)
To determine k, we will use \(u(3) = 15\)

\(\displaystyle{ u(t) = 35 - 27e^{t\ln(20/27)/3} }\)
To determine the temperature when t=5, we just plug 5 in for t in the equation for u(t) to get \(\displaystyle{ u(5) = 35 - 27e^{5\ln(20/27)/3} }\)
If you are allowed to use a calculator, the approximate answers are
\(\displaystyle{ u(t) = 35 - 27e^{-0.100t} }\) and \( u(5) \approx 18.63^oC \)

\(\displaystyle{ u(t) = 35 - 27e^{t\ln(20/27)/3} }\) and \(\displaystyle{ u(5) = 35 - 27e^{5\ln(20/27)/3} }\)

A 40^oF roast is placed in a 350^oF oven. After 2 hours, the temperature of the roast is 125^oF. Assuming the temperature of the roast follows Newton's Law of Cooling(Warming), find a formula for the temperature of the roast T as a function of its time in the oven, t, in hours. The roast is done when the internal temperature reaches 165^oF. When will the roast be done?

Even though the temperature is increasing, we can still use the same equation. So we have \(u(t) = T + (u_o - T) e^{kt}\) where the initial temperature \(u_o = 40\). We are given the surrounding temperature as \(T=350\), so we use the 2 hour point of \(u(2)=125\) to determine \(k\).

So the equation of the temperature as a function of time is \( u(t) = 350 - 310e^{kt} \) where \(\displaystyle{ k = (1/2)\ln\left[ \frac{45}{62} \right] }\).

Now to find the time when the roast will be done, we just let \(u(t) = 165\) in this last equation and solve for \(t\).

The exact answers are
\( u(t) = 350 - 310e^{kt} \) ^oF where \(\displaystyle{ k = (1/2)\ln\left[ \frac{45}{62} \right] }\) and
\(\displaystyle{ t = \frac{2\ln(37/62)}{\ln(45/62)} }\) hours
If your instructor wants you to give an approximate answer, we plug these numbers into a calculator to get \( u(t) \approx 350 - 310e^{-0.1602t} \)^oF
\( t \approx 3.22 \) hours

\( u(t) = 350 - 310e^{kt} \) ^oF where \(\displaystyle{ k = (1/2)\ln\left[ \frac{45}{62} \right] }\) and
\(\displaystyle{ t = \frac{2\ln(37/62)}{\ln(45/62)} }\) hours

If you put a can of soda in the refrigerator with a temperature of 34 degrees (F). Suppose the initial temperature of the soda is 75 degrees and after 5 minutes, its temperature is 65 degrees. What will be the temperature of the soda in 30 minutes? When will the soda be 36 degrees?

A tofu turkey is taken from an oven when its temperature has reached 165F and is placed on a table in a room where the temperature is 78F. If the temperature of the turkey is 142F after half an hour, what is its temperature after 40 minutes? When will the turkey cool to 95F?

The air temperature is 5 degrees C. Water cools from 100C to 75C in 5 minutes. How long will it take for the water to cool to 10C?

A roast was taken out of a hardwood smoker when its' internal temperature had reached 180^oF and it was allowed to rest in a 75^oF house for 20 minutes after which its' internal temperature had dropped to 170^oF. Assume that the temperature of the roast follows Newton's Law of Cooling. a. Express the temperature (in ^oF) as a function of time t (in minutes). b. Find the time at which the temperature of the roast will dropped to 140^oF.

First, let's list what we are given in the problem statement. We know that the initial temperature is 180^oF. So \(u(0) = u_o = 180\).
Next, we know that after 20 minutes, u(20) = 170 and the surrounding temperature is 75^oF, so \(T = 75\).
Let's set up the equation and see what we have so far.
In general, \( u(t) = T + (u_o-T)e^{kt} \). Plugging in the given data, we have \( u(t) = 75 + (180-75)e^{kt} \).
a. We need to use the information \(u(20)=170\) to determine k. Then we will have our answer to this part.

b. Now we need to calculate the time at which the temperature drops to 140^oF. To do this we set the resulting equation from part a equal to 140 and solve for t.

To check that our answer is reasonable, we plug the last result into a calculator to get \(t \approx 95.83 \) min, which seems reasonable.

a. \(u(t) = 75+105e^{(t/20)\ln(19/21)}\)^oF
b. \(\displaystyle{ t = 20 \frac{\ln(13/21)}{\ln(19/21)} \approx 95.83 }\) min

It takes 12 minutes for an object at 100C to cool to 80C in a room at 50C. How much longer will it take for it's temperature to decrease to 70C?

\( t = 9.52 \) minutes

Find the time when an object reaching \(80^o\)F if it’s initial temperature is \(150^o\)F, the surrounding temperature is \(70^o\)F. We know that at \(t=20\), it’s temperature \(110^o\)F.

\( t = 60 \) minutes